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CVE-2021-28663

8.8, high Known exploited

Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Use-After-Free Vulnerability

NVD (opens in a new tab) CVE.org (opens in a new tab) CISA KEV catalogue (opens in a new tab)
CVSS
8.8, high high CVSS v3.1
EPSS, next 30 days
12% higher than 96.1% of scored CVEs
Exploitation
Confirmed in the wild
Published
10 May 20215 years ago

Known exploited

CISA added this to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog on 3 Nov 2021. US federal agencies had to remediate by 17 Nov 2021, a deadline that has passed.

Required action. Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Description

The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a use-after-free. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r4p0 through r30p0.

Details

Vendor
Arm
Product
bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver
Weakness
CWE-416 (opens in a new tab)
Status
Analyzed
Updated
17 Jun 2026
Assigner
cve@mitre.org

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

References 4

Exploit code 1

Advisories 2

Other references 1

The kind is read from NVD's tags where present and from the shape of the URL otherwise, so treat it as a hint.

Other Arm CVEs

Every Arm CVE we hold

Same vendor in what we hold, not a known link between the flaws.

  • CVE-2024-4610 Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Use-After-Free Vulnerability KEV EPSS 0.8% 7.8, high
  • CVE-2023-4211 Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Use-After-Free Vulnerability KEV EPSS 1% 5.5, medium
  • CVE-2023-26083 Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Information Disclosure Vulnerability KEV EPSS 1% 3.3, low
  • CVE-2022-38181 Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Use-After-Free Vulnerability KEV EPSS 14% 8.8, high
  • CVE-2022-22706 Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Unspecified Vulnerability KEV EPSS 1% 7.8, high
  • CVE-2021-27562 Arm Trusted Firmware Out-of-Bounds Write Vulnerability KEV EPSS 3% 5.5, medium
  • CVE-2021-29256 Arm Mali GPU Kernel Driver Use-After-Free Vulnerability KEV EPSS 3% 8.8, high
  • CVE-2021-28664 Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Unspecified Vulnerability KEV EPSS 5% 8.8, high

Beyond this page

Is CVE-2021-28663 in your network?

This page tells you how dangerous CVE-2021-28663 is out there. Whether it sits on one of your devices, only a scan of your own network can tell. That is what our systems do, every day, for the companies we protect.

CVE-2021-28663 is in the CISA catalogue of exploited vulnerabilities: attackers are already exploiting it.

  • EXYS7600 OCELOT

    Find it before attackers do

    Ocelot scans your network on a schedule and reports every vulnerability it finds by its CVE identifier, with its CVSS score and how many of your hosts are affected. A finding like CVE-2021-28663 comes with the devices to patch.

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  • EXYS7950 KONDRA

    Detect it if it's exploited

    Until the patch is applied, Kondra monitors your network, events and endpoints in real time. It keeps an inventory of the software installed on every endpoint, and its anomaly detection rules flag what an attacker does once inside.

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Check your exposure

Assembled from the NVD 2.0 API, the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog and FIRST EPSS. Scores are as of our last collection on 17 Oct 2026, not the live upstream state.